Gary, I just rewatched Robert’s first video with Max (Ultimate Puppy Series) where he worked on “Leave It”. This might be why you asked about whether you should use a choke chain. I couple of things. First of all, I think that Max was a bit older than 3 months, even though he is still a puppy. Second (and even more importantly), Max is an Akita – a big, strong, independent and often stubborn breed. Robert talks about this in the video. Max was on a choke chain. This is an example of a situation where what works with one dog is not appropriate for all dogs. Because of his personality, Max needs a firmer hand and will not be crushed by somewhat harsher techniques. In fact, they are necessary in order to get his attention. But it is not true for the vast majority of puppies out there. This is one reason the Ultimate Puppy Series with Max and Siggie is so great – you can see how Robert changes his approach for a tough dog versus a softer yet high drive dog like Siggie. I agree with Ed that a martingale collar would be most appropriate for a 3-month-old puppy. Have fun with your pup and let us know how it goes!